![]() Both the nuns of her convent and dignitaries such as Cisneros, the Gran Capitán, and Emperor Charles V visited Cubas to witness her sermones, of which seventy-two were recorded in manuscript form. The voice narrated the scenarios Juana was viewing in heaven, including biblical episodes, feasts, and pageants staged by the angels and beatified that she refers to as figuras. She is best known as a visionary who went into ecstatic rapture every Sunday for thirteen years, lying unconscious while a low-register voice issued from her, claiming itself to be Christ (or the Holy Spirit, or her guardian angel Laruel). ![]() Her choice of her brother for the post brought accusations of nepotism a friar’s written offer that she be the mother of his child whom he expected to be the Messiah brought further concern. Cardinal Cisneros, in charge of reforming the Spanish church and a firm supporter of women visionaries, ceded Juana the right to appoint a priest of her choice to the benefice at Cubas. The beaterio was enclosed as a convent in 1509, the year Juana became its “abbess,” which she remained until her death, except for a two-year period when she was falsely accused by a nun of wasting convent funds on papal bulls. This beaterio, a house for laywomen leading a quasi-monastic life, had been founded after a series of apparitions in 1449 to a young girl named Inés Juana claimed that God had designated her to reestablish the convent’s fame, changing Juana from male to female while in the womb so that she could become its leader, but leaving her a large Adam’s apple as mark of the miracle. Juana fled an arranged marriage at age fifteen, dressing as a man to arrive safely at the third order Franciscan beaterio in Cubas, near Madrid, known as Santa María de la Cruz. ![]() Juana de la Cruz (b. 1481–d. 1534), born Juana Vázquez Gutiérrez in the village of Azaña (now Numancia) near Toledo, Spain, is the principal Castilian visionary before Teresa of Avila.
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